色素

颜料是一种有色、黑色、白色或荧光颗粒状的有机或无机固体。不溶于水、油或其他应用介质，但可均匀分散，在整个分散过程中不受介质的物理、化学作用的影响，仍保持其独特的晶体或颗粒结构。
按化学成分分为无机颜料和有机颜料;按颜色分为白色、红色、黄色、黑色等颜料;按来源分为天然颜料和合成颜料。天然色素是矿物质(无机)，如禾石、朱砂、红土、雄黄等，以及动植物(有机)，如葡萄球菌、胭脂虫等。合成颜料也有两大类:无机颜料和有机颜料;按用途可分为着色颜料、填充颜料和功能颜料。着色颜料是为应用介质提供各种颜色的无机和有机颜料;增色剂颜料是没有着色力或遮盖力的颜料。早期主要用于降低产品成本和提高涂料、塑料、橡胶等产品的性能。称它为填料。 Now there are natural products and artificial synthetic products processed into ultra-fine particle size. Because the synthetic products have less impurity content, fine particles and can be artificially synthesized and various surface modifications as needed, they can be used to reduce the hiding power of pigments. (Such as titanium dioxide) and improve the performance of the product, so it is more appropriate to call it body (incremental) pigments. The main varieties of body pigments are mostly processed natural mineral products such as natural calcium carbonate, barite powder, and talc. , Mica powder, diatomaceous earth, quartz powder, china clay, asbestos, etc., a few are synthetic products such as precipitated calcium carbonate, precipitated barium sulfate, synthetic silica, etc.; functional pigments are pigments that give products specific functions, such as making the product change with temperature And color-changing temperature-indicating pigments, anti-fouling pigments with toxic and aquatic-killing functions, luminescent pigments that can emit light in the dark, anti-rust pigments that can prevent corrosion, pearlescent pigments with pearl luster, etc.